Prof Caroline Wilkinson

Journal article

Roughley M, Liu CYJL, Wilkinson CM, Saleem S. 2024. Using a morph-based animation to visualise the face of Pharaoh Ramesses II ageing from middle to old age Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 35 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C, Pizzolato M, De Angelis D, Mazzarelli D, D'Apuzzo A, Liu JC, Poppa P, Cattaneo C. 2024. Post-mortem to ante-mortem facial image comparison for deceased migrant identification International Journal of Legal Medicine, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C, Liu CYJ, Shrimpton S, Greenway E. 2024. Craniofacial identification standards: a review of reliability, reproducibility, and implementation Forensic Science International, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Smith K, Wilkinson C. 2024. The Doppelgänger effect? A comparative study of forensic facial depiction methods Forensic Science International, 356 :111935 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Saleem S, Liu CYJ, Roughley M. 2023. Revealing the face of Ramesses II through computed tomography, digital 3D facial reconstruction and computer-generated Imagery Journal of Archaeological Science, 160 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Gibbon VE, Feris L, Gretzinger J, Smith K, Hall S, Penn N, Mutsvangwa TEM, Heale M, Finaughty DA, Karanja YW, Esterhuyse J, Kotze D, Barnes N, Gunston G, May J, Krause J, Wilkinson CM, Schiffels S, Februarie D, Alves S, Sealy JC. 2023. Confronting historical legacies of biological anthropology in South Africa-Restitution, redress and community-centered science: The Sutherland Nine Nikita E. PLoS One, 18 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Roughley M, Wilkinson C. 2022. Liverpool LASER talks: a community ‘studio-laboratory’? Leonardo, 55 :67-71 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Roberts A, Roughley M, Wilkinson C. 2022. Glioblastoma: The Weed of the Brain. Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Castaneyra-Ruiz M. 2021. The current status of Migrant Disaster Victim Identification in the Canary Islands Journal of the British Academy, 9s8 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Diac MM, Earar K, Damian SI, Knieling A, Iov T, Shrimpton S, Castaneyra-Ruiz M, Wilkinson C, Bulgaru Iliescu D. 2020. Facial Reconstruction: Anthropometric Studies Regarding the Morphology of the Nose for Romanian Adult Population I: Nose Width Applied Sciences, 10 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Smith K, Roughley M, Harris S, Wilkinson C, Palmer E. 2020. From Ta-Kesh to Ta-Kush: the affordances of digital, haptic visualisation for heritage accessibility Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 19 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C. 2020. Cognitive Bias and Facial Depiction from Skeletal Remains Bioarchaeology International, DOI Publisher Url

Kim SM, Lee WJ, Cho JH, Wilkinson CM, Choi CU, Lee SS. 2020. An investigation of environmental factors influencing quantitative accuracy and recognition rate of craniofacial reconstructions JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY, 41 :539-548 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Liu CJ, Wilkinson C. 2020. A guided manual method for juvenile age progression using digital images Forensic Science International, 308 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

MacGregor M, Wilkinson C. 2019. In search of Robert Bruce, part III: medieval royal burial at Dunfermline and the tomb investigations of 1818–19 Innes Review, 70 :172-201 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Liu CJ, Wilkinson C. 2019. Image conditions for machine-based face recognition of juvenile faces Science and Justice, 60 :43-52 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Roughley M, Smith K, Wilkinson C. 2019. Investigating new areas of art-science practice-based research with the MA Art in Science programme at Liverpool School of Art and Design Higher Education Pedagogies, 4 :226-243 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Lee WJ, Shinde V, Kim YJ, Jadhav N, Waghmare P, Tadav Y, Munshi A, Panyam A, Chatterjee M, Oh CS, Hong JH, Wilkinson C, Rynn C, Shin DH. 2019. Craniofacial reconstruction of the Indus valley civilization individuals found at 4500-year-old Rakhigarhi cemetery Anatomical Science International, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

MacGregor M, Wilkinson C. 2019. In Search of Robert Bruce, Part II: Medieval Royal Burial at Dunfermline and the Tomb Investigations of 1818-19 Scottish Historical Review, 98 :159-182 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C, Wilkinson S, Saron H. 2019. “Wearing me place on me face”: Scousebrows, placemaking and everyday creativity Fashion Theory - Journal of Dress Body and Culture, DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C, Roughley M, Moffat R, Monckton D, MacGregor M. 2019. In Search of Robert Bruce, Part I: Craniofacial Analysis of the Skull excavated at Dunfermline in 1819 Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 24 :556-564 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Mackenzie S, Smith K. 2019. Faces of Merseyside: Exploring cognitive bias through facial averages Leonardo, DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Lopez-Capp TT, Rynn C, Wilkinson C, de Paiva LAS, Michel-Crosato E, Biazevic MGH. 2018. Sexing the cranium from the foramen magnum using discriminant analysis in a Brazilian sample Brazilian Dental Journal, 29 :592-598 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Miranda GE, Wilkinson CM, Roughley M, Beaini TL, Melani RFH. 2018. Assessment of accuracy and recognition of three-dimensional computerized forensic craniofacial reconstruction PLoS One, 13 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Houlton TMR, Wilkinson C. 2018. Facial preservation following extreme mummification: Shrunken heads Forensic Science International, 286 :31-41 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Lopez-Capp TT, Rynn C, Wilkinson CM, Saavedra de Paiva LA, Michel-Crosato E, Biazevic MGH. 2018. Craniometric variation among Brazilian and Scottish populations: a physical anthropology approach Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 17 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Campomanes-Alvarez C, Martos-Fernandez R, Wilkinson CM, Ibanez O, Cordon O. 2018. Modeling skull-face anatomical/morphological correspondence for craniofacial superimposition-based identification IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Lopez-Capp TT, Rynn C, Wilkinson C, de Paiva LAS, Michel-Crosato E, Biazevic MGH. 2017. Discriminant analysis of mandibular measurements for the estimation of sex in a modern Brazilian sample. International Journal of Legal Medicine, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Suppersberger SH, Ersland GA, Daux V, Parson W. 2017. Three individuals, three stories, three burials from medieval Trondheim, Norway PLoS ONE, 12 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Bulut O, Liu C-YJ, Koca F, Wilkinson C. 2017. Comparison of three-dimensional facial morphology between upright and supine positions employing three-dimensional scanner from live subjects Legal Medicine, 27 :32-37 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Campomanes-Alvarez C, Ibáñez O, Cordón O, Wilkinson C. 2017. Hierarchical information fusion for decision making in craniofacial superimposition Information Fusion, 39 :25-40 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Mackenzie S, Wilkinson CM. 2017. Morphological and morphometric changes in the faces of female-to-male transsexual (FTM) people International Journal of Transgenderism, 18 :172-181 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Hadi H. 2017. Categorizing facial creases: A review Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Lee W-J, Wilkinson CM. 2016. The unfamiliar face effect on forensic craniofacial reconstruction and recognition. Forensic Science International, 269 :21-30 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Ibanez O, Valsecchi A, Cavalli F, Huete M, Campanones-Alvarez C, Vicente R, Navega MS, Ross A, Jankausas R, Imaizumi K, Hardiman R, Jayaprakash P, Ruiz E, Molinero F, Leston P, Veselovskaya E, Abramov A. 2016. Study on the criteria for assessing skull-face correspondence in craniofacial superimposition Legal Medicine, 23 :59-70 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Ferguson E. 2016. Juvenile age estimation from facial images SCIENCE & JUSTICE, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C, Hadi H. 2016. Estimation and reconstruction of facial creases based on skull crease morphology Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Lee WJ, Oh CS, Yoo JA, Kim YS, Hong JH, Ju JO, Choi SJ, Lee SD, Shin DH. 2016. Bio-anthropological Studies on Human Skeletons from the 6th Century Tomb of Ancient Silla Kingdom in South Korea PLoS One, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Houlton TMR, Wilkinson C. 2016. Recently identified features that help to distinguish ceremonial tsantsa from commercial shrunken heads Journal of Cultural Heritage, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Erolin C, Lamb C, Soames R, Wilkinson C. 2016. Does Virtual Haptic Dissection Improve Student Learning? A Multi-Year Comparative Study. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 220 :110-117 DOI Author Url Public Url

Damas S, Wilkinson C, Kahana T, Veselovskaya E, Abramov A, Jankauskas R, Jayaprakash PT, Ruiz E, Navarro F, Huete MI, Cunha E, Cavalli F, Clement J, Leston P, Molinero F, Briers T, Viegas F, Imaizumi K, Humpire D, Ibanez O. 2015. Study on the performance of different craniofacial superimposition approaches (II): Best practices proposal FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, 257 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Strauss A, Oliveira RE, Bernardo DV, Salazar-Garcia DC, Talamo S, Jaouen K, Hubbe M, Black S, Wilkinson C, Richards MP, Araujo AGM, Kipnis R, Neves WA. 2015. The Oldest Case of Decapitation in the New World (Lapa do Santo, East-Central Brazil) PLOS ONE, 10 :1-31 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C. 2015. A review of forensic art Research and Reports in Forensic Medical Science, 5 :17-24 DOI Publisher Url Public Url

Hwang H-S, Choe S-Y, Hwang J-S, Moon D-N, Hou Y, Lee W-J, Wilkinson C. 2015. Reproducibility of Facial Soft Tissue Thickness Measurements Using Cone-Beam CT Images According to the Measurement Methods JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 60 :957-965 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Huete MI, Ibáñez O, Wilkinson C, Kahana T. 2015. Past, present, and future of craniofacial superimposition: Literature and international surveys Legal Medicine, 17 :267-278 DOI

Lee W-J, Wilkinson C, Hwang H-S, Lee S-M. 2015. Correlation Between Average Tissue Depth Data and Quantitative Accuracy of Forensic Craniofacial Reconstructions Measured by Geometric Surface Comparison Method Journal of Forensic Sciences, 60 :572-580 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C, Lofthouse A. 2015. The use of craniofacial superimposition for disaster victim identification FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, 252 :187.e1-187.e6 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Briggs M, Wilkinson C, Golash A. 2014. Digital multimedia books produced using iBooks Author for pre-operative surgical patient information Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, 37 :59-64 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C. 2014. A review of the changing culture and social context relating to forensic facial depiction of the dead FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, 245 :95-100 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Lee WJ, Yoon AY, Song MK, Wilkinson CM, Shin DH. 2014. The archaeological contribution of forensic craniofacial reconstruction to a portrait drawing of a Korean historical figure Jouranl of Archaelogical Science, 49 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Short LJ, Khambay B, Ayoub A, Erolin C, Rynn C, Wilkinson C. 2014. Validation of a computer modelled forensic facial reconstruction technique using CT data from live subjects: A pilot study FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, 237 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Hadi H, Wilkinson CM. 2014. The post-mortem resilience of facial creases and the possibility for use in identification of the dead FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, 237 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Kealy G, Gapert R, Buckley L, Cassidy M, Mcnulty J, Wright R, Foyle R, Meier-Augenstein W, Kemp H, Wilkinson C, Rynn C, Clifford S. 2014. Multi-disciplinary approach toward the identification of a human skull found 55 km off the Southeast Coast of Ireland :193-210 DOI Publisher Url

Hwang H-S, Park M-K, Lee W-J, Cho J-H, Kim B-K, Wilkinson CM. 2012. Facial Soft Tissue Thickness Database for Craniofacial Reconstruction in Korean Adults JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 57 :1442-1447 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Lee W-J, Wilkinson CM, Hwang H-S. 2012. An Accuracy Assessment of Forensic Computerized Facial Reconstruction Employing Cone-Beam Computed Tomography from Live Subjects JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 57 :318-327 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Evans R. 2011. Are facial image analysis experts any better than the general public at identifying individuals from CCTV images? (vol 49, pg 191, 2009) SCIENCE & JUSTICE, 51 :218-221 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Erolin C, Wilkinson C, Soames R. 2011. Virtual reality haptic dissection Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, 34 :193-199 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Pueschel K, Saering D, Kaesemann P, Scheuermann S, Kreutz K, Ohlrogge S, Wittwer-Backofen U, Burrath S, Wilkinson C, Bauerochse A, Schultz M, Jopp E. 2011. Facial reconstruction of a severely fragmented bog body RECHTSMEDIZIN, 21 :221-224 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Needham C, Wilkinson C, Soames R. 2011. Virtual Reality Haptic Human Dissection Westwood JD, Westwood SW, FellanderTsai L, Haluck RS, Hoffman HM, Robb RA, Senger S, Vosburgh KG. MEDICINE MEETS VIRTUAL REALITY 18, 163 :397-399 DOI Author Url

McKenna D, Wilkinson C, Ker J. 2010. Diagnostic recognition of facial changes associated with chronic conditions: Use of an elearning tool to enhance medical student education Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, 33 :55-62 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Rynn C, Wilkinson CM, Peters HL. 2010. Prediction of nasal morphology from the skull FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY, 6 :20-34 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C. 2010. Facial reconstruction - anatomical art or artistic anatomy? Journal of Anatomy, 216 :235-250 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Caldwell DH, Hall MA, Wilkinson CM. 2009. The Lewis Hoard of gaming pieces: A re-examination of their context, meanings, discovery and manufacture Medieval Archaeology, 53 :155-203 DOI Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Evans R. 2009. Are facial image analysis experts any better than the general public at identifying individuals from CCTV images? SCIENCE & JUSTICE, 49 :191-196 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Gibson SJ, Scandrett CM, Solomon CJ, Maylin MIS, Wilkinson CM. 2009. Computer assisted age progression FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY, 5 :174-181 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Rynn C, Peters H, Taister M, Kau CH, Richmond S. 2006. A blind accuracy assessment of computer-modeled forensic facial reconstruction using computed tomography data from live subjects. Forensic Science Medicine and Pathology, 2 :179-187 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Rynn C, Wilkinson CM. 2006. Appraisal of traditional and recently proposed relationships between the hard and soft dimensions of the nose in profile Amercian Journal of Physical Anthropology, 130 :364-373 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C. 2005. Computerized forensic facial reconstruction: A review of current systems Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology, 1 :173-177 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Brier B, Wilkinson C. 2004. A preliminary study on the accuracy of mummy portraits: Hierzu Tafel XXIII-XXIX Zeitschrift fur Agyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde, 132 :107-111

Wilkinson C, Neave R. 2003. The reconstruction of a face showing a healed wound JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE, 30 :1343-1348 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Needham C, Wilkinson C, Knüsel CJ. 2003. Reconstructing visual manifestations of disease from archaeological human remains Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, 26 :103-107 DOI

Wilkinson CM, Motwani M, Chiang E. 2003. The relationship between the soft tissues and the skeletal detail of the mouth JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 48 :728-732 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM, Mautner SA. 2003. Measurement of eyeball protrusion and its application in facial reconstruction JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 48 :12-16 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Manley B, Eremin K, Shortland A, Wilkinson C. 2002. The facial reconstruction of an Ancient Egyptian Queen Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, 25 :155-159 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM. 2002. In vivo facial tissue depth measurements for white British children JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 47 :459-465 Author Url

Manley B, Eremin K, Shortland A, Wilkinson C. 2002. The facial reconstruction of an Ancient Egyptian Queen. The Journal of audiovisual media in medicine, 25 :155-159

Wilkinson C, Neave R. 2001. Skull re-assembly and the implications for forensic facial reconstruction Science and Justice - Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 41 :233-234 DOI Publisher Url

Design

Greenway E, Liu C, Wilkinson C. 2024. 2D Facial depiction of K121 from Tamil Nadu India 500-2000BC

Wilkinson C, Liu C, Roughley M. 2023. 3D Facial depiction of Cleopatra VII featured in “Cleopatra’s Secret Tomb” episode 2 Author Url Publisher Url

Liu C, Shrimpton S, Wilkinson C. 2023. 2D Facial depiction of a Roman man from Dalton Parlours, on display at Leeds City Museum

Wilkinson C, Liu C. 2022. Facial depiction of an individual from St John's College, Oxford, for the 2022 Royal Institution Christmas Lectures. Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Liu C, Roughley M. 2022. 3D facial depiction of Pharaoh Ramesses II at 80 years old and an age regression at 45 years old featured in the documentary "L'Egypte, une passion française" Publisher Url

Liu C, Wilkinson C, Greenway E, Roughley M. 2022. Digital facial depiction of a young male from the Anglo Saxon Period known as 'Beornwine' on display at West Stow Anglo-Saxon Village Publisher Url

Liu C, Roughley M, Wilkinson C. 2022. Facial depiction of Leasowe Man (2022 update) on display at Museum of Liverpool Publisher Url

Liu C, Roughley M, Shrimpton S, Wilkinson C. 2022. 3D Facial Depiction of B37 (13-14 years) from Kilkenny Ireland, with a Digital Movie and a skull replica, on display at Medieval Mile Museum, Kilkenny Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Godfrey B, Liu C. 2021. Convict Faces (Average): Georgia Prisoners in Black and White Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Shrimpton S, Liu C, Pinheiro Flores M. 2020. Facial reconstruction of remains found on Glenrothes industrial estate Publisher Url

Liu C, Roughley M, Shrimpton S, Wilkinson C. 2020. Facial depiction of two Mesolithic individuals from Norway on display at Bergen City Museum

Liu C, Shrimpton S, Roughley M, Wilkinson C. 2020. 3D facial depiction of Abbot John of Wheathampstead on display at St. Albans Cathedral Publisher Url

Liu C, Wilkinson C, Godfrey B. 2020. Convict Faces (Average): Arizona State Archives

Smith K, Wilkinson C. 2019. Facial depictions of 8 individuals from Sutherland, Northern Cape, as part of Sutherland Reburial Project Author Url Publisher Url

Liu C-YJ, Shrimpton S, Wilkinson C. 2019. Facial depiction of a Medieval Scottish individual excavated from a site in Tarbat display at Tarbat Discovery Centre, Scotland Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C, Shrimpton S, Liu C, Roughley M. 2018. Facial depiction of an Iron Age male in his 60's featured on Digging for Britain, Season 7 Episode 4 'Iron Age Revealed' Author Url Publisher Url

Liu C, Roughley M, Wilkinson C. 2018. Facial depiction of a Neolithic individual excavated from a site in Switzerland on display at Museum Burghalde in Lenzburg Author Url

Liu C, Burton I, Shrimpton S, Wilkinson C. 2018. Facial depictions of WW1 German soldier excavated from a battlefield near the French Village of Bullecourt. Featured on Digging for Britain: 'East', Series 7 Episode 3 Publisher Url

Smith K, Roughley M, Shrimpton S, Wilkinson C. 2018. Facial Depiction of "The Rider of Hemmaberg" - a 5/6th century man with a wooden leg prosthesis from the Migration Period in Carinthia, on display at the Archaeological Pilgrim Museum in Globasnitz Author Url

Smith K, Roughley M, Wilkinson C. 2018. Facial Depictions of The Goucher Mummy and Amenirdis, two ancient Egyptian women for the Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum, Baltimore Author Url Publisher Url

Liu CYJ, Roughley MA, Wilkinson CM. 2017. Facial depiction of a 2nd Century older Roman female found as an isolated burial in Dunstable Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM, Liu CYJ, Hengelhaupt ID, Roughley MA. 2017. Facial depiction of Skeleton 22 - 17th Century Scottish soldier found buried at Durham Cathedral, for the exhibition 'Bodies of Evidence' at Palace Green Library, Durham Cathedral. Author Url Publisher Url

Liu CYJ, Wilkinson CM, Roughley MA. 2017. Facial depiction of a 19th century individual (POW) with a craniotomy: Featured on BBC4, Digging for Britain, Series 8, Episode 4, 04/DEC/2019, 21:00 Author Url Publisher Url

Liu CY, Wilkinson CM, Roughley MA. 2017. Facial Depictions of Liffs Low man and Fin Cop 8 on display as part of the 'Wonders of the Peak' exhibition at Buxton Museum Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM, Liu C, Roughley MA. 2017. Facial Depiction of a Tudor Dubliner Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, MacGregor M, Roughley MA, Shrimpton S. 2016. Facial Depiction of Robert the Bruce Author Url Publisher Url

wilkinson CM, smith K, liu C, Roughley MA. 2016. Facial depictions of 3 medieval Norwegians for the exhibition "Hvor kommer du fra?/From where do you hail?" at Bryggens Museum, Bergen, Norway 01 Oct 2016 - 13 Aug 2017 Author Url Publisher Url

Roughley MA, Shrimpton S, Wilkinson CM. 2016. Facial depiction of Kukruse lady - a 13th century AD lady from Estonia Publisher Url

wilkinson CM, Roughley MA, liu C. 2016. Facial depiction of Leasowe man on display at Liverpool Museum Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM, Shrimpton SL, Roughley MA. 2015. Facial Depiction of a 1200 year old bog body known as "Bernie", on display at Ostfriesisches Landesmuseum, Emden Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM, Roughley MA. 2014. Facial Depiction of Saint Nicholas Author Url Publisher Url

Liu C, Wilkinson C, Greenway E. Facial depiction of K-ZC1-3 from Tamil Nadu India 500-2000BC

Roughley M, Liu C, Wilkinson C. 2D Facial depiction of Saint Jeanne of Lestonnac at age 83 years old based on a death mask

Liu C, Roughley M, Wilkinson C. 2D Facial depiction of Saint Jeanne of Lestonnac at age 54 years old (Age regression)

Other

Wilkinson C, Pizzolato M, De Angelis D, Mazzarelli D, D’Apuzzo A, Liu JC, Poppa P, Cattaneo C. 2024. Correction to: Post-mortem to ante-mortem facial image comparison for deceased migrant identification (International Journal of Legal Medicine, (2024), 10.1007/s00414-024-03286-0) International Journal of Legal Medicine, DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Smith K, Wilkinson C. 2024. Corrigendum to “The Doppelgänger effect? A comparative study of forensic facial depiction methods”[Forensic Sci. Int. 356 (2024) 111935] (Forensic Science International (2024) 356, (S0379073824000161), (10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111935)) Forensic Science International, DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Artefact

Wilkinson C, Liu C. 2023. Facial depiction of a young Viking from St John’s Oxford, on display at St John's College, Oxford (3D printed replicas) Author Url Publisher Url

Liu C, Castaneyra-Ruiz M, Greenway E, Wilkinson C. 2023. 3D Replica of a skull from Dalton Parlours, on display at Leeds City Museum

Liu CY, Shrimpton S, Roughley M, Smith K, Wilkinson C. 2020. Facial depiction of two Mesolithic individuals from Norway (3D printed replicas) on display at Bergen City Museum

Smith KA, Roughley MA, Liu CYJ, Hengelhaupt ID, Wilkinson CM. 2018. Facial depiction (3D printed replica) of a 17th Century Scottish Soldier known as SK22 for the exhibition “Bodies of Evidence”, Palace Green, Durham Author Url Publisher Url

Smith K, Roughley MA, Baker C, Wilkinson CM. 2017. Facial Depiction of Ta Kush (3D printed replica and animation) on display as part of the 'Ancient Lives' exhibition at Maidstone Museum Author Url

Wilkinson CM, Shrimpton SL, SMITH K, LIU C, Roughley MA. 2017. Facial depiction of George Lister and Elizabeth Dibb (3D printed replicas) on display at Washburn Heritage Centre Publisher Url

Wilkinson C. Amazing Graces Projection #3Queens Event 23-25May 2015 Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson CM, Aitken J. Facial depiction of Richard III Publisher Url

Poster

Liu C-YJ, Wilkinson C, Roch A, Zesch S, Mussauer A, Paladin A, Zink A. 2022. Facial depiction of a Roman Period mummy with portrait from the Fayoum Oasis, Egypt The World Mummy Congress Author Url Public Url

Smith K, Wilkinson C, Roughley M, Balachandran S, Swaney M, Garcia JR. 2019. One of Us? Navigating ‘rehumanisation’ questions in the depiction and display of two ancient Egyptians from the Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum International Association of Craniofacial Identification Author Url

Chapters

Shrimpton S, Wilkinson C. 2021. The Face of Takabuti David R, Murphy E. Life and Times of Takabuti in Ancient Egypt Investigating the Belfast Mummy 9781800348585

Wilkinson C, Roughley M. 2019. Facial depiction of "Bernie", man from the bog of Bauerochse A, Hassmann H, Püschel K, Jopp-van Well E, Jahn W, Schultz M. Bernie - The bog body from Bernuthsfeld: Results of the interdisciplinary research and reconstruction of an early medieval find complex from East Frisia :273-277 VML Verlag Marie Leidorf. Rahden / Westf 9783896468499 Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM. 2018. Archaeological Facial Depiction for People from the Past with Facial Differences Skinner P, Cock E. Approaching Facial Difference Past and Present Bloomsbury Publishing Publisher Url Public Url

Beaumont J, Beveridge J, Budde W, Cross M, Gutiérrez A, Caffell A, Burton I, Johnston A, Koon H, Mackenzie L, Montgomery J, Radini A, Roberts C, Roughley M, Speller C, Wilkinson C. 2018. New Voices Gerrard C, Graves P, Millard A, Annis R, Caffell A. Lost Lives, New Voices Unlocking the Stories of the Scottish Soldiers from the Battle of Dunbar 1650 :207-237 Philadelphia: Oxbow Books. Oxford 9781785708503 DOI

Wilkinson CM. 2015. Craniofacial Analysis and Identification Valentine T, Davies JP. Forensic Facial Identification: Theory and Practice of Identification from Eyewitnesses, Composites and CCTV :93-126 John Wiley & Sons 978-1118469583 DOI Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM. 2014. The facial analysis of the Lewis Chess pieces Caldwell DH, Hall MA. The Lewis Chessmen: new perspectives :1-10 National Museums of Scotland. Edinburgh 978 1 905267 85 9 Publisher Url

Richmond S, Beldie L, Lu Y, Middleton J, Walker B, Cronin A, Drage N, Zhurov A, Wilkinson C. 2013. Predicting and Managing Surgical Intervention in Craniofacial Disharmony-A Biomechanical Perspective Three-Dimensional Imaging for Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery :180-197 DOI Publisher Url

Mahoney G, Wilkinson C. 2012. Computer-generated facial depiction Craniofacial Identification :222-237 DOI Publisher Url

Davis JP, Valentine T, Wilkinson C. 2012. Facial image comparison Craniofacial Identification :136-156 DOI Publisher Url

Wilkinson C. 2012. Juvenile facial reconstruction Craniofacial Identification :254-260 DOI Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Tillotson A. 2012. Post-mortem prediction of facial appearance Craniofacial Identification :166-183 DOI Publisher Url

Lee WJ, Mackenzie S, Wilkinson C. 2011. Facial Identification of the Dead Black S, Ferguson E. Forensic Anthropology: 2000 to 2010 :363-386 CRC Press. Boca Raton 978-1-4398-4588-2

Wilkinson CM. 2008. The facial reconstruction of ancient Egyptians Egyptian Mummies and Modern Science :162-178 DOI Publisher Url

Roughley M, Wilkinson C. The affordances of 3D and 4D digital technologies for computerized facial depiction Rea P. Biomedical Visualisation 2 :87-101 Springer 978-3-030-14227-8 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url

Wilkinson C. The Facial Reconstruction of Grauballe Man Asingh P, Lynnerup N. Grauballe Man - an iron age bog body revisited :260-273 Jutland Archaeological Society

Wilkinson C. Facial Anthropology and Reconstruction Black S, Thompson T. Biological Human Identification :231-256 Cambridge University Press

Internet publication

Smith K, Wilkinson C. 2019. How art and technology helped bring faces of the dead to life Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Smith K, Roughley M. 2018. Who Am I? Remembering the Dead Through Facial Reconstruction: The Facial Reconstruction Process Publisher Url

Roughley MA, Hengelhaupt ID, Wilkinson CM. 2017. Face Lab – Facial depiction of one of the Scottish Soldiers Author Url

Roughley MA. 2017. Investigating new areas of Art/Science practice based research with the MA Art in Science postgraduate program at Liverpool School of Art and Design Author Url Publisher Url

Books (authored)

Annis R, Gerrard C, Caffell A, Graves P, Millard A, Wilkinson C. 2018. Lost Lives, New Voices Unlocking the Stories of the Scottish Soldiers at the Battle of Dunbar 1650 Oxbow Books 9781785708473 DOI Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Rynn C. 2012. Craniofacial identification :1-263 DOI Publisher Url

Caldwell D, Hall MA, Wilkinson CM. 2010. The Lewis Chessmen Unmasked National Museums of Scotland 9781905267460

Wilkinson C. 2004. Forensic Facial Reconstruction Cambridge University Press 9780521820035

Book review

Wilkinson CM. 2015. ‘Severed: A History of Heads Lost and Heads Found’ reviewed by Professor Caroline Wilkinson Centre for Medical Humanities Durham University, Publisher Url

Editorial/letter to the editor

Wilkinson C. 2009. 13th Meeting of International Association of Craniofacial Identification (IACI) FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY, 5 :1-1 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C. 2004. Facial approximation: Comments on Stephan (2003) AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, 125 :329-330 DOI Author Url Publisher Url

Exhibition

Wilkinson CM, Aitken J. Mary, Queen of Scots Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM, Roughley MA. The Evolution of Facial Depiction from Human Remains (2016) AHRC Online Image Gallery Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Mackenzie S, Smith KA, Roughley MA. Faces of Merseyside (2016) 7th International Conference on the Image: Face Value – Personification and Identity in a Post-Digital Age at Liverpool School of Art and Design, 01/09/2016-02/09/2016 Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson CM, Roughley MA. Undead Sun:We Put the World Before You Author Url

Wilkinson C, Pantsios L, Roughley MA, Wilson R. Animating Robert Burns (2018) Scottish National Portrait Gallery, Edinburgh, 25/01/2018 - 26/01/2018 Author Url Publisher Url

Godfrey B, Wilkinson CM, Roughley MA, Williams L, Hengelhaupt ID, Price K. Convict Faces (2018) at Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral, 05/03/2018-12/03/2018 Author Url

Balachandran S, Wilkinson C, Smith K, Roughley M. Who am I? Remembering the Dead through Facial Reconstruction (2018-2020) Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum, 07/11/2018-31/07/2020 Author Url Publisher Url

Wilkinson C, Godfrey B, Liu C, Maxwell-Stewart H. Convicts Publisher Url

Phillips F, Wilkinson C, Castaneyra-Ruiz M. Canarii: The Quest for Ancient Faces

Schofield J, Duffy T, Wilcox M, Embery E, Krysa J, Leaper H, Roberts E, Wilkinson C, Wilkinson D, Liu C, Roughley M, Pollier P. Fanchon Fröhlich: The Wrong Sex (2023) at Exhibition Research Lab, 17/02/2023-14/05/2023 Publisher Url

Phillips F, Wilkinson C, Castaneyra-Ruiz M. La Busqueda las Caras ancestrales -Canarii: The Quest for Acient faces Publisher Url

Roughley M, Liu C, Wilkinson C. ‘Science, not Fiction’ (2023) at Glastonbury Festival, Science Futures area exhibiting 3D facial depictions of Pharaoh Rameses II, 21/06/2023-25/06/2023 Publisher Url

Report

Gibbon V, Wilkinson C, Smith K, Sealy J, Mutsvangwa T, Hall S, Penn N. Sutherland Reburial and Restitution

Liu C, Wilkinson C, Pinheiro Flores M. Rubens Painting comparison Facial Comparison Report :1-13

Media Coverage:

News coverage of the launch the 'The Many Faces of Robert the Bruce' exhibition at Dunfermline Abbey 2024
www.thenational.scot
www.bbc.co.uk
www.scottishfield.co.uk

Facial depiction of an individual from St John's College, Oxford, for the 2022 Royal Institution Christmas Lectures. 2022
www.rigb.org
www.ljmu.ac.uk
www.bbc.co.uk

Interviews and coverage on the facial depiction of Ramses II on L'Egypte, une passion française, France 3 - Collaborative work with Professor Caroline Wilkinson, Jessica Liu, Mark Roughley. 2022

BBC coverage of the release of the updated facial depiction of Merseyside's oldest skeleton know as 'Leasowe Man' - Collaborative work with Professor Caroline Wilkinson, Jessica Liu, Mark Roughley

2016 Robert the Bruce - Cean an Righ (The King's Head). BBC ALBA on 15 and 18 December 2016 at 20:30.

Royal Photographic Society Journal 2016 RPS Awards Oct 2016 Volume 156, number 10

BBC4, Digging for Britain, Series 8, Episode 4, 04/DEC/2019, 21:00. Digging for Britain joins Ministry of Defence archaeologist Richard Osgood on an island near Portsmouth with members of Operation Nightingale, a military initiative using archaeology to aid in the recovery of service personnel injured in conflict. Face Lab produced the facial reconstruction.

2017 Ancient Mysteries - Shrunken Heads – C5 documentary examining the provenance of shrunken heads.

2018 – Canarii: the quest for ancient faces exhibition coverage

Dutch forensic series - Crime College (Misdaadcollege) - June 2019 - on Maas Girl forensic case.

2018 – Robert Burns animation
www.nbcnews.com
www.bbc.co.uk

Face Lab. Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool School of Art and Design research group launch event
twitter.com
twitter.com
twitter.com

Faces of Merseyside' exhibition
www.liverpoolsciencepark.co.uk
www.liverpoolecho.co.uk
www.ljmu.ac.uk

St Nicolas coverage
twitter.com
twitter.com
twitter.com

TV appearance 8pm C4 26 March 2016 Secret Histories: Shakespeare's Tomb Craniofacial and forensic art expertise 1.47 million viewers over 7 days
www.barb.co.uk
www.mirror.co.uk

Worldwide news coverage of the reveal of a facial depiction of Robert the Bruce
www.bbc.com
www.theguardian.com
news.sky.com

Research Grants Awarded:

LJMU QR APSS, Capturing impact and public opinion: response to facial depictions of people from the past on display in GLAMs (2024), C. Y. Jessica Liu, Caroline Wilkinson, Sarah Shrimpton, Maria Castaneyra-Ruiz, Mark Roughley, Elysia Greenway, Thomas Dickinson, Viviana Conti, Grant value (£): 9,680.46, Duration of research project: 12 months. 2024

COST Action, Migrant Disaster Victim Identification, Prof Sergio Damas, University of Granada; Prof Cristina Cattaneo, University of Milan; Prof Eugenia Cynha, University Coimbra; Prof Pavlos Pavlidis, University of Thrace; Dr Oscar Ibanez, University Coruna; Dr Jan Bikker, Platform for Transnational Forensic Assistance - Forensic Missing Migrant Initiative; Dr Lucija Barbaric, Ministry of the Interior - Forensic Science Centre;, Grant value (£): 500,000, Duration of research project: 4 years. 2023

The British Academy 22-23 BA/Leverhulme Small Research Grants scheme, The Masked Skulls of Colombia: Archaeological Facial Depictions, Professor Caroline Wilkinson, Grant value (£): 9,800, Duration of research project: 2 years. 2023

AHRC follow on funding for impact and engagement, Prison culture and heritage: Fremantle Prison Wall paintings and their artists, Barry Godfrey, University of Liverpool; Paul Cooke, University of Leeds, Hamish Maxwell-Stewart, University of Tasmania, Grant value (£): 71582.84, Duration of research project: 12 months. 2019

British Academy Knowledge Frontiers, Migrant Disaster Victim Identification, Grant value (£): £49,994, Duration of research project: 12 months. 2019

QR APSS, Faces of Merseyside, Grant value (£): 22,000, Duration of research project: 6 months. 2016

AHRC, Image Gallery: The Evolution of Facial Reconstruction, Mark Roughley, Grant value (£): 4000, Duration of research project: 8 months. 2015

DSTL PhD scholarship, Facial avatars and familar face recognition, Prof Chris Rowland, University of Dundee; Dr Charlie Frowd, University of Winchester, Grant value (£): 125000, Duration of research project: 4 years. 2013

External PGR Supervision - completed students:

University of Dundee, PhD, Representation in Medical Illustration: Methods and Results. 2024

University of Central Lancashire, PhD, Understanding and improving the effectiveness of sketch facial composites.

University of Surrey, PhD, Using Medical Illustration to Improve Understanding and Communication of Neglected Tropical Diseases.

Award:

THE Award. Research Project of the Year: Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, Times Higher Education, https://the-awards.co.uk/2023/en/page/archive-2023. 2023

Certificate of Recognition for bringing the Biennial Scientific Meeting of the International Association for Craniofacial Identification to Liverpool 28-31July 2022, which contributed £140,000 economic impact to the city region., Club Liverpool, The City of Liverpool, https://clubliverpool.co.uk/. 2023

Liverpool John Moores University's Vice-Chancellor's Award for Excellence- Impact Story (2022) - Presented to Professor Caroline Wilkinson and the Face Lab team., Liverpool John Moores University. 2022

Finalist Impact Award (international reach), Liverpool City Region Culture & Creativity Awards 2019. 2019

Research Team of the Year (awarded to Face Lab, LJMU) - Educate North Awards 2019, Educate North, https://www.educatenorth.co.uk/2019-winners. 2019

‘Heritage Project Award’ for Exercise MAGWICH, Ministry of Defence Sanctuary Awards (2018), presented to Operation Nightingale (DIO) and Face Lab (LJMU), Ministry of Defence, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/757743/Sanctuary_magazine_2018_issue.pdf. 2018

‘Silver Otter Award’ for Exercise MAGWICH, Ministry of Defence Sanctuary Awards (2018), presented to Operation Nightingale (DIO) and Face Lab (LJMU), Ministry of Defence, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/757743/Sanctuary_magazine_2018_issue.pdf. 2018

Combined Royal Colleges Medal is awarded for an outstanding contribution to the advancement and/or application of medical photography or the wider field of medical imaging, Royal Photographic Society. 2016

Liverpool John Moores University's Vice-Chancellor's Excellence Award for Excellence in Social and Economic Engagement (2016) - Presented to Professor Caroline Wilkinson and the Face Lab team, Liverpool John Moores University. 2016

Royal Society of Edinburgh Senior Award for Public Engagement, Royal Society of Edinburgh, https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/938_PrizeHistory.html. 2013

Conference organisation:

The 19th Biennial meeting of the International Association for Craniofacial identification. ‘Knowledge Transfer; presentation, ethics, bias and expectation’, Host and organiser, http://www.craniofacial-id.org/next-meeting.html. 2022

The 19th Biennial meeting of The International Association for Craniofacial Identification: Race and Face: bias in forensic and archaeological investigation [one day virtual short program], Organiser and host, http://www.craniofacial-id.org/next-meeting.html. 2021

Conference presentation:

Wilkinson, C., Roughley, M. (2022). The Face of Robert the Bruce (King Robert I Scotland), 19th Biennial Meeting of the International Association for Craniofacial Identiification, Liverpool John Moores University, Oral presentation. 2022

‘Extreme forensics’ in South Africa: exploring new post-mortem visual identification protocols, The International Association of Craniofacial Identification, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana USA, Oral presentation. 2019

Smith, K.A., Roughley, M. And Wilkinson, C. (2019). One of Us? Navigating ‘rehumanisation’ questions in the depiction and display of two ancient Egyptians from the Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum, The International Association of Craniofacial Identification, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, Poster presentation. 2019

Smith, K. A., Wilkinson, C. W., Roughley, M. A. (2018), Death Futures?, Encountering Corpses IV - ‘Post-Human Corpse, Death and Digital Technology’, No 70 Oxford Street, Manchester, Oral presentation. 2018

Roughley, M. A., Wilkinson, C. M., Shrimpton, S. L., MacGregor, M., Mockton, D. G., Moffat, R., (2018), Exploring cognitive bias when texturing a facial depiction of King Robert the Bruce, Art, Materiality and Represenation - Royal Anthropological Institute Conference 2018, British Museum, SOAS, Oral presentation. 2018

Smith, K. A., Balachandran, S., Wilkinson, C. M., Swaney, M., Garcia, J. R., Roughley, M. A., (2018), One of Us? Navigating ‘rehumanisation’ questions in the depiction and display of ancient Egyptians from the Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum, Art, Materiality and Representation - Royal Anthropological Institute Conference 2018, British Museum, SOAS, Oral presentation. 2018

Smith, K. A., Roughley, M. A., Harris, S., Wilkinson, C. M., Palmer, E., (2018), From Ta-Kesh to Ta-Kush: the affordances of digital, haptic visualisation for heritage accessibility, Extraordinary World Congress on Mummy Studies, Santa Cruz, Tenerife, Oral presentation. 2018

Other invited event:

Holyrood STEM Scotland 2019, Dynamic Earth, Edinburgh, https://stem.holyrood.com/agenda-2019. 2019

Combined Royal Colleges Lecture, Royal College of Medicine, London, Depicting the Dead. 2018

GREAT festival 2018, Hong Kong, Robert Burns animation and average faces demonstration. 2018

Archaeological Facial Reconstruction Symposium, Dongshin University, Seoul, South Korea, Invited speaker. 2017

Skeletons, Stories & Social Bodies Conference - keynote speaker, University of Southampton, The changing social context relating to the depiction of faces of the dead for forensic identification and archaeological investigation. 2017

Ada Lovelace Lecture, Edinburgh Napier University, http://www.napier.ac.uk/about-us/events/ada-lovelace-lecture-with-caroline-wilkinson This event was part of Ada Lovelace Day, a worldwide celebration of women in science, technology, engineering and maths.. 2016

History of Medicine invited speaker, Royal College of Medicine, London, Depicting the Dead. 2016

Rediscovering Richard III public symposium - Yornight 2015, York Museum, http://yornight.com/2015/activities/yorkshire-museum/rediscovering-richard-iii/. 2015

External collaboration:

University of Tasmania, Professor Hamish Maxwell-Stewart. 2018

University of Liverpool, Professor Barry Godfrey. 2017

Johns Hopkins University, Dr Sanchita Balachandran. 2016

University of Dundee, Prof Chris Rowland. 2015

University of Glasgow, Dr Martin MacGregor. 2015

External PGR examinations performed:

University of Edinburgh, PhD, Facing the past: in vivo facial soft tissue depths of a modern adult population from Germany. 2015

Membership of professional bodies:

Fellow, Royal Anthropological Institute. 2014

Accredited Forensic Anthropologist Level I (craniofacial specialism), Royal Anthropological Institute (RAI). 2013

Fellow, Royal Society of Edinburgh. 2012

Associate Member, OSAC Facial Identification. 2010

Board of Governors, International Association of Craniofacial Identification (IACI). 2008

Fellow, Anatomical Society.

Member, British Association of Forensic Anthropology.

Other Professional Activity:

Craniofacial Identification speaker at Forensic Anthropology and Disaster Management Training Course at NFI Field Lab, The Hague - 15-17 April 2015.

Hosted Connecting Minds Symposium at Tate Liverpool 2015 http://www.lahf.org.uk/connecting-minds-liverpool-%E2%80%93-4-september.

Hosted Image Conference 2016 at John Lennon Art & Design Building in collaboration with Liverpool Biennial..

Keynote speaker at Craniofacial Identification Symposium, University Witwatersrand, South Africa - 3 March 2016.

Public Engagement Series: Liverpool LASER. Part of the worldwide series of Leonardo Art Science Evening Rendezvous (LASER) Talks sponsored by Leonardo, the International Society for Art, Sciences and Technology (Leonardo/ISAST). LASER talks are an international programme of free evening gatherings that bring artists and scientists together for informal presentations and conversations on art, science and technology. Liverpool LASER is one of only 36 LASER hosts operating worldwide and with every LASER being unique to its own community, Liverpool LASER hopes to bring together interested individuals to explore and cultivate the growing art/science/technology community in the North West. Liverpool LASER hosted by Professor Caroline Wilkinson and Mark Roughley, is supported by the MA Art in Science programme at Liverpool School of Art & Design. More information on the Liverpool LASER series here: https://www.ljmu.ac.uk/microsites/liverpool-laser.

Transgender hate crime sumposium - hosted at LJMU - Sept 2017.