Dr Christos Kontovas
School of Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Email: C.Kontovas@ljmu.ac.uk
Telephone: 0151 231 2491
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Christos Kontovas is Reader in Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Logistics at the School of Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU). Dr. Kontovas holds a Diploma (2005) in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering and a Ph.D. (2011) in the area of maritime safety and environmental protection, both from the National Technical University of Athens, Greece. He has previously been an Assistant Professor (2013-2016) at the Departments of Transport and Management Engineering of the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). His research focuses on quantitative methods, including cost-benefit, decision and risk analysis, related to health, safety and environmental protection (mainly on ship air emissions).
Christos holds an extensive experience from participation in several large-scale EU projects as well from being a member of severals delegation to the International Maritime Organization (IMO). While at LJMU, Dr. Kontovas has received more than 200,000 Euros as Principal Investigator and and has been involved as a co-Investigator in over 15 successful bids, collectively contributing more than £2 million to the University. In the past (while at DTU) he has been awarded a competitive FP7 Marie-Curie Career Integration Fellowship (PCIG14-GA-2013-631178 GreenShipping, 2014-2016).
Dr. Kontovas has co-authored more than 70 papers, including more than 38 papers in peer-reviewed journals, more than 30 full papers in conference proceedings (h-index 30, more than 4,700 citations in Google Scholar). Based on the number of citations and other relevant metrics he is included in the list of the world’s top 2% researchers in his field (Stanford/Elsevier list).
Engagement with Academic Organisations
- Liverpool Research Institute for Climate and Sustainability (LiRICS)
'Partnerships for incubating and accelerating transitions' Network Co-lead
https://www.ljmu.ac.uk/research/centres-and-institutes/the-liverpool-research-institute-for-climate-and-sustainability/
- Liverpool Institute for Sustainable Coasts and Oceans (LISCO, ‘Ports and Maritime’ Steering Group member
(Uni of Liverpool. LJMU and National Oceanographic Center)
https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/liverpool-sustainable-coasts-and-oceans/
- LJMU Contact person, International Association of Maritime Universities (IAMU) https://iamu-edu.org/
** Academic appointments **
Reader in Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Logistics (08/2020-)
Senior Lecturer in Maritime Economics, Department of Maritime and Mechanical Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University, (07/2016 - 08/2020)
Assistant Professor, Department of Transport, Technical University of Denmark (02/2014 - 06/2016)
CITATIONS
• more than 4,700 in Google Scholar http://scholar.google.dk/citations?user=FT7RajQAAAAJ
TEACHING EXPERIENCE
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POSTGRADUATE MODULES
7411MREN RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM ECONOMICS (module leader)
The aim of this module is to provide knowledge about how Renewable Industry Economics are managed. In particular the logistics of renewable industry, economies of scale, Risk Mitigation renewable industry operations, Cost Benefit Analysis, and Net Present Value.
https://coursecatalogue.ljmu.ac.uk/module/2024/7411MREN
7160MAR INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND GLOBAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS (module leader)
The aim is to develop an understanding of the key influences affecting the international trade market, and to familiarise students with the range of transport options available to an international shipper and provide an insight into operational and economic matters.
https://proformas.ljmu.ac.uk/7160MAR.pdf
7161MAR MARITIME ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT (tutor)
The module is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the topics including chartering, finance, ship management, and operational considerations, which a shipping executive could deal with on a routine basis. https://proformas.ljmu.ac.uk/7161MAR.pdf
7165MAR CHARTERING AND CARRIAGE OF GOODS LAW (tutor)
The aim is to develop an understanding of the law and practice in relation to export sales and the
movement of goods with particular reference to the carriage of goods by sea, and current
practice in the fields of shipbroking and vessel chartering. https://proformas.ljmu.ac.uk/7165MAR.pdf
7413MMEE MARITIME CYBER SECURITY (tutor)
This module aims to develop an understanding of threats to and the security requirements of IT and OT systems in the maritime context. It also provides the fundamental knowledge on current research issues essential for cybersecurity in the maritime sector.
https://coursecatalogue.ljmu.ac.uk/module/2024/7413MMEE
7414MMEE ENERGY EFFICIENCY (Ships and Ports) (tutor)
The module aims to provide the student with an opportunity to examine the energy efficiency measures and systems that could be implemented at sea and/or in ports, based on an appraisal of current practices. https://coursecatalogue.ljmu.ac.uk/module/2024/7414MMEE
### Undergraduate modules ###
# 4105MAR LOGISTICS AND FREIGHT FORWARDING (module leader/sole tutor)
This module examines and analyses the subject of logistics and how it functions. It makes specific reference to the various aspects of logistics and how they work. Specific elements of the logistics function, such as the supply chain, warehousing and methods of transport are covered, as well as the structure of logistics and transport systems.
# 5105MAR ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY (module leader)
Analyses a range of environmental impacts linked to the maritime and logistics sectors, and to appraise regulations and practices which control their effects.
# 5101MAR SHIPPING BUSINESS AND SHIPBROKING (module leader/sole tutor)
Examines and analyses aspects of shipping business and shipbroking which are relevant to the commercial operation of ships, and to provide knowledge and understanding with respect to costs and prices within the sector.
# 6101MAR MARITIME FINANCE AND ECONOMICS (tutor)
To develop a critical awareness of the economic environment in which ships are financed, traded and operated and to analyse a range of managerial issues in the maritime industry, with particular reference to the management of capital and the appraisal of investments.
Languages
Greek, Modern (1453-)
English
Danish
German
Degrees
2011, National Technical University of Athens, Greece, Ph.D. in Maritime Transportation
2005, National Technical University of Athens, Greece, Diploma (M.Eng.) in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
Academic appointments
Reader in Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Logistics, School of Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University, 2020 - present
Senior Lecturer in Maritime Economics, Department of Maritime and Mechanical Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University, 2016 - 2020
Assistant Professor, Department of Transport, Technical University of Denmark, 2013 - 2016
Highlighted publications
Kontovas CA, Sooprayen K. 2020. Maritime Cargo Prioritisation during a Prolonged Pandemic Lockdown Using an Integrated TOPSIS-Knapsack Technique: A Case Study on Small Island Developing States—The Rodrigues Island Sustainability, 12 :7992-7992 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Psaraftis H, Kontovas CA. 2020. Influence and transparency at the IMO: the name of the game Maritime Economics and Logistics, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Kontovas CA. 2020. Integration of air quality and climate change policies in shipping: The case of sulphur emissions regulation Marine Policy, 113 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2014. Ship speed optimization: Concepts, models and combined speed-routing scenarios Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 44 :52-69 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2013. Speed models for energy-efficient maritime transportation: A taxonomy and survey TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES, 26 :331-351 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Kontovas CA, Ventikos NP, Psaraftis HN. 2012. An undated analysis of IOPCF oil spill data: Estimation of the disutility cost of tanker oil spills Rizzuto E, Soares CG. SUSTAINABLE MARITIME TRANSPORTATION AND EXPLOITATION OF SEA RESOURCES, VOL 2, 14th International Congress of the International-Maritime-Association-of-the-Mediterranean (IMAM) :921-929 Author Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2009. CO
Journal article
Mohsendokht M, Kontovas C, Chang CH, Qu Z, Li H, Yang Z. 2025. Resilience analysis of seaports: a critical review of development and research directions Maritime Policy and Management, :1-36 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Belabyad M, Kontovas C, Pyne R, Chang C-H. 2025. Skills and competencies for operating maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS): a systematic review and bibliometric analysis Maritime Policy & Management, :1-26 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Chang C-H, Lin C-C, Yang Z, Kontovas C. 2024. Evaluating the social acceptance of autonomous ferries: An observation from passengers’ boarding willingness Transport Policy, 159 :83-94 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Mohsendokht M, Li H, Kontovas C, Chang C-H, Qu Z, Yang Z. 2024. Decoding dependencies among the risk factors influencing maritime cybersecurity: Lessons learned from historical incidents in the past two decades Ocean Engineering, 312 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Mohsendokht M, Li H, Kontovas C, Chang CH, Qu Z, Yang Z. 2024. Enhancing maritime transportation security: A data-driven Bayesian network analysis of terrorist attack risks Risk Analysis, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Chang C-H, Wijeratne IB, Kontovas CA, Yang Z. 2024. COLREG and MASS: Analytical review to identify research trends and gaps in the Development of Autonomous Collision Avoidance Ocean Engineering, 302 :1-18 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Shi Z, Endres S, Rutgersson A, Al-Hajjaji S, Brynolf S, Booge D, Hassellöv I-M, Kontovas C, Kumar R, Liu H, Marandino C, Matthias V, Moldanová J, Salo K, Sebe M, Yi W, Yang M, Zhang C. 2023. Perspectives on shipping emissions and their impacts on the surface ocean and lower atmosphere: An environmental-social-economic dimension Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 11 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Ishola A, Kontovas CA. 2022. Managing Ship’s Ballast Water: A Feasibility Assessment of Mobile Port-Based Treatment Sustainability, 14 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Kanwal K, Shi W, Kontovas C, Yang Z, Chang C-H. 2022. Maritime cybersecurity: are onboard systems ready? Maritime Policy & Management, :1-19 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Sèbe M, Kontovas CA, Pendleton L, Gourguet S. 2022. Cost-effectiveness of measures to reduce ship strikes: A case study on protecting the Mediterranean fin whale Science of The Total Environment, 827 :154236-154236 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Hassan S, Wang J, Kontovas CA, Bashir M. 2021. An assessment of causes and failure likelihood of cross-country pipelines under uncertainty using bayesian networks Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 218 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Hassan S, Wang J, Kontovas CA, Bashir M. 2021. Modified FMEA hazard identification for cross-country petroleum pipeline using Fuzzy Rule Base and approximate reasoning Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Chang C-H, Kontovas CA, Yu Q, Yang Z. 2020. Risk assessment of the operations of maritime autonomous surface ships Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 207 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Kontovas CA, Sooprayen K. 2020. Maritime Cargo Prioritisation during a Prolonged Pandemic Lockdown Using an Integrated TOPSIS-Knapsack Technique: A Case Study on Small Island Developing States—The Rodrigues Island Sustainability, 12 :7992-7992 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Psaraftis H, Kontovas CA. 2020. Influence and transparency at the IMO: the name of the game Maritime Economics and Logistics, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Sèbe M, Kontovas CA, Pendleton L. 2020. Reducing whale-ship collisions by better estimating damages to ships Science of the Total Environment, DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Kontovas CA. 2020. Integration of air quality and climate change policies in shipping: The case of sulphur emissions regulation Marine Policy, 113 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Sèbe M, Kontovas CA, Pendleton L. 2019. A decision-making framework to reduce the risk of collisions between ships and whales Marine Policy, 109 :103697-103697 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Venturini G, Iris Ç, Kontovas CA, Larsen A. 2017. The multi-port berth allocation problem with speed optimization and emission considerations Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 54 :142-159 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Wen M, Pacino D, Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2017. A multiple ship routing and speed optimization problem under time, cost and environmental objectives Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 52 :303-321 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Psaraftis HN, Wen M, Kontovas CA. 2016. Dynamic vehicle routing problems: Three decades and counting Networks, 67 :3-31 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Zhang A. 2014. The Blackwell Companion to Maritime Economics MARITIME POLICY & MANAGEMENT, 41 :607-609 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Kontovas CA. 2014. The Green Ship Routing and Scheduling Problem (GSRSP): A conceptual approach Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 31 :61-69 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2014. Ship speed optimization: Concepts, models and combined speed-routing scenarios Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 44 :52-69 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Lyridis DV, Kontovas CA. 2013. Shipping carbonomics CARBON MANAGEMENT, 4 :9-11 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2013. Speed models for energy-efficient maritime transportation: A taxonomy and survey TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES, 26 :331-351 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2011. CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY IN SHIPPING FOCUSING ON EMISSION STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY MEASURES ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, 10 :1589-1596 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2011. Balancing the economic and environmental performance of maritime transportation (vol 15, pg 458, 2010) TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 16 :270-271 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Kontovas C, Psaraftis HN. 2011. Reduction of emissions along the maritime intermodal container chain: operational models and policies MARITIME POLICY & MANAGEMENT, 38 :451-469 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2011. The link between economy and environment in the post-crisis era: lessons learned from slow steaming International Journal of Decision Sciences, Risk and Management, 3 :311-311 DOI Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2010. Balancing the economic and environmental performance of maritime transportation TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 15 :458-462 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN, Ventikos NP. 2010. An empirical analysis of IOPCF oil spill cost data MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 60 :1455-1466 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2009. Formal Safety Assessment: A Critical Review MARINE TECHNOLOGY AND SNAME NEWS, 46 :45-59 Author Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2009. A web-based open emissions calculator International Journal of Ocean Systems Management, 1 :188-188 DOI Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2009. CO
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2009. Formal Safety Assessment: A Critical Review Marine Technology and SNAME News, 46 :45-59 DOI Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. Decarbonization of Maritime Transport: Is There Light at the End of the Tunnel? Sustainability, 13 :237-237 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Kontovas C, Armada Bras A, Chang C-H, Romano A, Poo MC-P, Wang J, McCormack H, Qu Z, Paraskevadakis D, Lamb L, Yang Z. Fostering innovation in the blue economy within the United Kingdom (UK): A stakeholders’ perspective Ocean & Coastal Management, 224 :106143-106143 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Hassan S, Kontovas C, Bashir M, Wang J. A Decision-Support System for Assessing Cross-Country Pipeline Systems: Approach Based on Evidential Reasoning and Cost–Benefit Analysis Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice, 14 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Park C, Kontovas C, Yang Z, Chang CH. A BN driven FMEA approach to assess maritime cybersecurity risks Ocean and Coastal Management, 235 :106480-106480 DOI Publisher Url Public Url
Conference publication
Hassan S, Wang J, Bashir M, Kontovas C. 2020. Application of Bayesian model for third party damage assessment of cross-country oil pipeline under uncertainty Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2019, :1486-1493 DOI
Chang C-H, Wenming S, Wei Z, Changki P, Kontovas CA. 2019. Evaluating cybersecurity risks in the maritime industry: a literature review Proceedings of the International Association of Maritime Universities (IAMU) Conference, International Association of Maritime Universities (IAMU) Public Url
Chang C-H, Kontovas C, Yang Z. 2019. Hazard identification of maritime autonomous surface ships Logistics Research Network (LRN) 2019
Ugedi P, Chang C-H, Kontovas C. 2019. Performance assessment of the SOLAS VGM regulation using balance scorecard and analytic hierarchy process International Association of Maritime Economists Conference
Kontovas CA. 2019. The market and economics of mobile port-based Ballast Water Treatment solutions Proceedings of IAME 2019 Conference, Annual conference of the International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME) Public Url
Park C, Shi W, Zhang W, Kontovas C, Chang CH. 2019. Cybersecurity in the maritime industry: A literature review 20th Commemorative Annual General Assembly, AGA 2019 - Proceedings of the International Association of Maritime Universities Conference, IAMUC 2019, :79-86
Hassan S, Wang J, Bashir M, Kontovas C. 2019. Application of Bayesian Model for Third Party Damage Assessment of Cross-Country Oil Pipeline under Uncertainty Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL), Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL) :1486-1493 DOI Publisher Url
Dithmer P, Reinhardt L, Kontovas CA. 2017. The Liner Shipping Routing and Scheduling Problem Under Environmental Considerations: The Case of Emission Control Areas Bektas T, Coniglio S, MartinezSykora A, Voss S. Computational Logistics, ICCL 2017, 8th International Conference on Computational Logistics (ICCL) 10572 :336-350 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Kontovas CA, Ventikos NP, Psaraftis HN. 2012. An undated analysis of IOPCF oil spill data: Estimation of the disutility cost of tanker oil spills Rizzuto E, Soares CG. SUSTAINABLE MARITIME TRANSPORTATION AND EXPLOITATION OF SEA RESOURCES, VOL 2, 14th International Congress of the International-Maritime-Association-of-the-Mediterranean (IMAM) :921-929 Author Url
Kontovas CA, Ventikos NP, Psaraftis HN. 2011. Estimating the consequence costs of oil spills from tankers Transactions - Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, 119 :545-563
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2011. Carbon dioxide emissions valuation and its uses 3rd International Symposium on Ship Operations, Management and Economics 2011, :219-226
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2008. Marine environment risk assessment: A survey on the disutility cost of oil spills 2nd International Symposium on Ship Operations, Management and Economics 2008, :275-287
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN, Zachariadis P. 2007. Improving FSA as a prerequisite for risk-based GBS 10th International Symposium on Practical Design of Ships and other Floating Structures, PRADS 2007, 1 :182-190
Zachariadis P, Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2007. Risk based rulemaking and design - Proceed with caution RINA, Royal Institution of Naval Architects International Conference - Developments in Classification and International Regulations - Papers, :77-86 DOI Publisher Url
Atiyah AA, Kontovas C, Saeed F, Yang Z. Marine Pilot's Reliability Index (MPRI): Evaluation of marine pilot reliability in uncertain environments 2019 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION AND SAFETY (ICTIS 2019), 5th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS) :558-564 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Chang C-H, Kontovas CA, Yang Z, Karamperidis S, Ung S-T, Lin C-C. Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS): Current regulations and regulatory challenges Proceedings of IAME 2022, IAME Conference 2022
Chang C-H, Yang Z, Kontovas C, Lin C-C, Ung ST. Evaluating the acceptance of autonomous ferries: from passenger’s perspective IAME
Mohsendokht M, Li H, Kontovas C, Chang C-H, Yang Z. Maritime terrorism risk analysis through a data-driven Bayesian network approach IAME
Park C, Kontovas C, Yang Z, Chang C-H. Maritime cybersecurity risk assessment using Bowtie diagrams IAME
Chang C-H, Wijeratne IB, Kontovas C, Yang Z, Lin CC, Ung ST, Karamperidis S. COLREG and autonomous collision avoidance development: An analytical review IAME
Chang C-H, Shi W, Szwed P, Belabyad M, Pyne R, Kontovas C. Evaluating skill requirements for maritime autonomous surface ships: a literature review IAMU
Chapters
Kontovas CA, Psaraftis HN. 2016. Transportation emissions: Some basics International Series in Operations Research and Management Science 226 :41-79 DOI Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2016. Green maritime transportation: Speed and route optimization International Series in Operations Research and Management Science 226 :299-349 DOI Publisher Url
Kontovas CA, Panagakos G, Psaraftis HN, Stamatopoulou E. 2016. Being green on sulphur: Targets, measures and side-effects International Series in Operations Research and Management Science 226 :351-386 DOI Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2015. Slow steaming in maritime transportation: Fundamentals, trade-offs, and decision models International Series in Operations Research and Management Science 220 :315-358 DOI Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Lyridis DV, Kontovas CA. 2012. The Economics of Ships The Blackwell Companion to Maritime Economics :371-391 DOI Publisher Url
Kontovas CA, Ventikos NP, Psaraftis HN. 2011. An undated analysis of IOPCF oil spill data: Estimation of the disutility cost of tanker oil spills Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Sea Resources :921-930
Kontovas C, Ventikos N, Psaraftis H. 2011. An undated analysis of IOPCF oil spill data Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Sea Resources :921-929 CRC Press 9780415620819 DOI Publisher Url
Psaraftis HN, Kontovas CA. 2011. Ship emissions, costs and their tradeoffs Advances in Maritime Logistics and Supply Chain Systems :257-295 DOI Publisher Url
Other
Kontovas C, Hassan S, Wang J, Bashir M. Application of Bayesian Model for Third Party Damage Assessment of Cross-Country Oil Pipeline under Uncertainty 10.3850/978-981-11-2724-3 0802-cd, DOI Author Url Publisher Url
preprint
Chang C-H, Lin C-C, Yang Z, Kontovas C. Evaluating the Social Acceptance of Autonomous Ferries: A Taiwanese Users’ Perspective DOI Publisher Url
Research Grants Awarded:
Duration of research project: 1 year, Grant value (£): 7500, CILT, Risk evaluation of maritime autonomous surface ships in the UK. 2018
Duration of research project: 3, Grant value (£): 170,000, Interreg Atlantic Area - European Regional Development Fund ERDF/EU, @BluePortS - Atlantic Blue Port Services - Discharge polluted water in port, not at sea..